论文写作可能是英语精进的最难关之一。要掌握这项高级写作技术，需要有完美的英语的语法，精准的词汇和对主题深刻的明白。
另外，论文写作还是一种专门的文体（正式和专业性），这一点对于英语非母语的作者来说可能比力难拿捏（甚至对英语母语的作者也一样很难)。想要提升学术英语写作，其中一个方法就是学习一些有用的牢固搭配，这样一来文章就会显得更自信、更专业，论文的专业度和正式性恰到利益。
下文我们会枚举50个最有用的论文写作牢固搭配，附有界说和例子，全都取材于真实的学术论文。学习要点：将下列牢固搭配用到你写的文章中去。想一想语法上对差池？内容上说不说得通？把自己写的句子和下面的例子比力下，看看用得合不合适。
Essential component- a vital part of something重要组成部门：某事物的重要部门- E.g. “We show here that these proteins are an essential component of the cell surface receptor”.例子：我们这里显示，这些卵白质是细胞外貌受体的重要组成部门。Establish a relationship- to prove or show a link between two things建设联系：证明二者之间有关系。
- E.g. “Our aim was to establish the relationship between aortic stiffness and stroke death in hypertensive patients”.例子：我们的目的是证明主动脉硬化和中风死亡在高血压患者中存在联系。Existing research- previous academic work on the same subject现有研究：对同一问题先前做的研究。- E.g. “This working paper reviews the existing research evidence about the additional costs or deprivation that disabled people face”.例子：这篇研究审议了关于残疾人面临的分外开支和贫困状况的现有研究。First impression- initial thought on a subject, priorto any detailed analysis最初看法：在任何细节分析之前，对一个主题的最先的看法。
- E.g. “Our first impression was strengthened by the fact that we were aware a condition existed in Povoa de Varzim”.例子：我们发现曾经泛起在波瓦珍的病情，这印证了我们的最初看法。Frequently cited- often quoted or referred to inreference to something频频引用：多次被引用- E.g. “It should be recognized that other systems are frequently cited, particularly in engineering literature”.例子：我们应该认识到，其他的系统经常被引用，尤其在工程学得文献中。Fundamental principle- principle from which other principles can be derived基本原理：最最基础的原理，其他原理从其中得来。- E.g. “The authors argue forthe restoration of beneficence to its place as the fundamental principle of medical ethics”.例子：作者论证指出，医学伦理的基本原理在于对善心的重建归位。
General consensus- the majority opinion on a topic普遍认同：对此话题的普遍意见- E.g. “There is a general consensus that forward exchange rates have little, if any power as forecasts offuture spot exchange rates”.例如：大家普遍认同，远期汇率对预测未来现汇汇率险些没有影响。Gain insight- achieve a more profound understanding获得真知灼见：获得更深刻的明白- E.g. “Through this comparison we hope to gain insight into the way they perform specific tasks”.例如：通过此次对比，我们希望对他们举行这次实验有更深刻的认识。
Hierarchical structure- a system where elements are subordinate to other elements阶级结构：在系统中一个要素与另一个要素出现下属关系。- E.g. “After reviewing theirtheoreti。
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